Tag Archives: Programming

Generating Images from HTML

Editing images is hard. Moving things to the right location, adding other elements, going back to the first one and readjusting the location or size. And if you want to create multiple images with just a slightly different bit of text, or a different subject in the foreground…..

I’ve known people who can create masterpieces of art with PhotoShop and the like, but I’ve never developed the knack.

A while back, it occurred to me that I could do all kinds of fancy “this-goes-in-front-of-that” and rearranging things in a web page. Then I could just take a screenshot, do a little cropping and resizing (the secret to some of my best photos) and voilĂ , exactly the kind of image I wanted! And if I needed to make several such photos, well, web pages are just plain text and very easy to edit.

That’s great for a small number of images, but if you want to make a bunch of images (say, social media previews for 40 biographies), that would get tedious quickly.

The best way to deal with tedious tasks is automation.

So I created an automated HTML to Image Generator (it really needs a better name).

The idea behind it is you start off with a simple web page like this one:

<body>
	<div class="container">
		<img src="image/frog.png">
		<p class="name">Green</p>
	</div>
</body>

which creates a page looking like this:

Replace a few elements in the HTML with placeholders

<body>
	<div class="container">
		<img src="{{image}}">
		<p class="name">{{name}}</p>
	</div>
</body>

and then create a set of data files containing other values for those those placeholders. For example, this data file

{
    "name": "Yellow",
    "image": "image/sun.png",
    "colorCode": "#cccc00"
}

Creates this image

You can check out the whole thing in the HTML to Image Generator’s GitHub repository.

I hope someone finds it useful, and if you have suggestions for a better name, leave a message in the comments below.

Troubleshooting puppeteer in WSL2

I’m working on a small project to generate image files from HTML using a web browser. This is something I’ve toyed with for a while, but never really dug into canvas far enough. Once I discovered the puppeteer package for node, the dream seemed suddenly within reach.

Everything was going along fine, until I got to the point of actually trying to launch the headless browser. Then my program started crashing with the message:

(node:4279) UnhandledPromiseRejectionWarning: Error: Failed to launch the browser process!
/mnt/c/Users/blair/git/image-gen/node_modules/puppeteer/.local-chromium/linux-818858/chrome-linux/chrome: error while loading shared libraries: libnss3.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

The message included a link to a troubleshooting guide, which did mention some tips for Windows, but that was the Windows GUI environment and I’m using Ubuntu 20.04, running under the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL2). That meant it was either fix it myself, fire up a VM, or install node under Windows (which would mean losing the node version manager tool).

One of my main reasons for doing Node development in Linux is the ability to use nvm. A VM is much too heavy a solution for my tastes, so I wanted to see if I could get it working. And off to Google I went.

Searching for the error message is my usual first step, but although it turned up plenty of other people having problems (plus a few open GitHub issues from several years ago), it didn’t offer any solutions. Finally, a search for “puppeter wsl2 libnss3.so” led to a comment on an issue from last June where someone got it running by installing a bunch of packages manually.

0ne of the nice things about WSL is if you break your installation badly, it’s fairly trivial to remove it and reinstall a new copy. So it was fairly low risk to try installing the missing pieces to see if I could get it to work.

The error message even gave me a starting point: “error while loading shared libraries: libnss3.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory.”

There’s a page at https://packages.ubuntu.com/ which allows you to search for which package a library comes from. I started by putting libnss3 in the keyword field and specifying focal (aka “20.04”) as the distribution, and began the iterative process of looking up the installing the missing packages, trying my program again, and then looking up the next failed package. Happily, all it took was a half-dozen tries before my script started working again.

Here’s the list:

libnss3
libatk-adaptor
libcups2
libxkbcommon0
libgtk-3-0
libgbm1

Full-disclosure: midway through, it occurred to me that the reason the packages were missing might be because WSL isn’t a GUI environment and therefore doesn’t have a browser installed. Running sudo apt install -y chromium-browser didn’t solve the problem, but it is possible that this installed some additional packages which I was then able to avoid installing manually.

Now to see if I can get it to render a page. ?